Abstract The regions of East Asia. as well as South Asia and the Middle East are rich in cultural heritage of grottoes where a large number of Buddhist niches exist. Three-dimensional (3D) semantic modelling enriches 3D geometric models with an understanding of the historical and cultural value of cultural heritage. facilitating interoperability and analysis beyond mere visualization. https://www.espumasyterciopelo.com/product-category/balloon-accessory/